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Reported Speech. 9 класс
It is not always necessary to change the verb when you use reported speech. If you are
reporting something and you feel that it is still true, you do not need to change the tense
of the verb:
direct Tom said, "New York is bigger than London."
reported Tom said (that) New York is (or was) bigger than London.
direct Ann said, "I want to go to Turkey next year."
reported Ann said (that) she wants (or wanted) to go to Turkey next year.
Notice that it is also correct to change the verb into the past.
But you must use a past tense when there is a difference between what was said and what is
really true. Study this example situation:
You met Ann. She said, "Jim is sick." (direct speech)
Later that day you see Jim playing tennis and looking fine. You say:
"I'm surprised to see you playing tennis, Jim. Ann said that you were sick."
(not that you are sick, becaus ... Читать дальше »
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9 класс. Reported Speech
II Study this example_situation:
you use these to show
it is direct speech
You want to tell someone else what Tom said.
There are two ways of doing this:
You can repeat Tom's words (direct speech):
Tom said, "I'm feeling sick."
Or you can use reported speech:
Tom said (that) he was feeling sick.
Compare the two sentences:
direct Tom said, "~~J f~eling sick."
reported Tom said (that) ~l was feeling sick.
I'm going to 1 can't come
quit my to the party
job. on Friday.
Now you tell someone else what Tom said (in reported speech):
• Tom said (that) his parents were very well.
• Tom said (that) he was going to quit his job.
• Tom said (that) Ann had bought a new car.
• Tom said (that) he couldn't come to the party on Friday.
• Tom said (that) he wanted to go on vacation, but he didn't know ... Читать дальше »
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7 класс. Passive (present and past)
These are the passive forms of the present and past tenses:
Simple present am/is/are + done/cleaned, etc.
Active: Somebody cleans this room every day.
Passive: This room is cleaned every day.
Many accidents are caused by dangerous driving.
I'm not often invited to parties.
How many people are injured in car accidents every day?
Simple past was/were + done/cleaned, etc.
Active: Somebody cleaned this room yesterday.
Passive: This room was cleaned yesterday.
During the night we were all woken up by a loud explosion.
When was that castle built?
The house wasn't damaged in the storm, but a tree was blown down.
Present continuous am/is/are being + done/cleaned, etc.
Active: Somebody is cleaning the room right now.
Passive: The room is being cleaned right now.
Look at those old houses! They are being knocked down.
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11 класс. If and Wish sentences (past)
II Study this example situation:
Last month Ann was sick. Tom didn't know this, and he didn't go to see her. They met
again after Ann got better. Tom said:
Ifl had known that you were sick, I would have gone to see you.
The real situation was thatTom didn't know Ann was sick. So he says Ifl had known ...
When you are talking about the past, you use the past perfect (I had done / I had been / I
had known, etc.) after if.
• Ifl had seen you when you passed me in the street, 1would have said hello.
(but 1 didn't see you)
• 1would have gone out ifl hadn't been so tired. (but 1 was too tired)
• If he had been looking where he was going, he wouldn't have walked into
the wall. (but he wasn't looking)
Do not use would (have) in the if part ofthe sentence:
• If I had seen you, 1would have said hello. (not if 1 would have seen)
Both would and had can be ... Читать дальше »
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6 класс. Present Continuous or Present Simple
Study this explanation and compare the examples:
Present continuous (I am doing) Simple present (I do)
Use the present continuous to talk about Use the simple present to talk about
something that is happening at or close things in general or things that happen
to the tinie of speaking: repeatedly:
lam
doing ~ I do ~
past now future
The water is boiling. Could you turn it
off, please?
Listen to those people. What language
are they speaking?
"Where's Tom?" "He's playing tennis."
(you find a stranger in your room) What
are you doing here?
Maria is in Canada for three months.
She's learning English.
Use the present continuous for a
temporary situation:
I'm living with some friends until I can
find an apartment.
Mary usually has a summer job, but she
isn't working this ... Читать дальше »
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6 класс Present Perfect or Past Simple
Present perfect (I have done) or
simple past (I did)?
II It is often possible to use the present perfect (I have done) or the simple past (I did):
• I've lost my key. Have you seen it anywhere?
or: I lost my key. Did you see it anywhere?
But do not use the present perfect to say when something happened (for example, yesterday,
two years ago, when 1 was a child, etc.). Use a past tense in these sentences:
• I lost my key yesterday. (not have lost)
• Did you see the movie on TV last night? (not have you seen)
• I ate a lot of candy when 1 was a child. (not have eaten)
Use a past tense to ask when or what time something happened:
• What time did they arrive? (not have they arrived)
• When were you born? (not have been born)
Do not use the present perfect (I have done) for happenings and actions that are not
connected with the present (for example ... Читать дальше »
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Предложения условия с конструкцией "IF" 11 класс

If sentences (present/future)
II Compare these examples:
Tom: I think I left my lighter at your house. Have you seen it?
Ann: No, but I'll look. IfI find it, I'll give it to you.
In this example there is a real possibility that Ann will find the lighter. So she says: "If I
find ... I'll ... " (see also Unit 9c).
Ann: IfI found a $100 bill on the street, I would keep it.
This is a different type of situation. Ann is not thinking about a real possibility; she is
imagining the situation. So she says: "If I found ... I would ... " (not "If I find ...
I'll ... ").
When you imagine a future happening like this, you use a past tense form (did/came/found,
etc.) after if. But the meaning is not past:
• What would you do if you won a million dollars?
• Ifwe didn't go to their party next week, they would be very angry.
< ... Читать дальше »
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5 класс. Артикль

АРТИКЛЬ

 В английском есть два артикля: неопределенный ("a"/"an ... Читать дальше »

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7 класс Страдательный залог

Passive (Present and Past Tenses)

(a) ... Читать дальше »

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